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Salal
( Gaultheria shallon )
Gaultheria shallon
More Photos at CalPhotos
More Info at Jepson eFlora
Calflora
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About Salal (Gaultheria shallon)
30 Nurseries Carry This Plant
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Gaultheria shallon
is a leathery-leaved shrub in the heather family (Ericaceae), related to Manzanitas and Madrone. It is native to western North America as far north as Alaska. In California it is found primarily along the coast from Pt. Conception northwards. The foliage is dark green and attractive, sometimes used in commercial flower arrangements. The flowers are pink to white and urn-shaped, much like Manzanitas. The dark blue fruit is edible.
Gaultheria shallon
is very tolerant of both open sun and shady conditions. It occurs as a sprawling ground cover or a medium height shrub, depending on local growing conditions. It is a common coniferous forest understory species and may dominate large areas. In coastal areas it can form deep, nearly impenetrable thickets. It would be a nice addition to a woodland garden on the central or northern coast.
Plant Description
Plant Type
Shrub
Size
1 - 7 ft tall
7 - 12 ft wide
Form
Upright
Growth Rate
Moderate, Fast
Dormancy
Evergreen
Fragrance
Slight
Flower Color
White, Pink
Flowering Season
Spring
Wildlife Supported
Hummingbirds and various insects are attracted to the flowers. Various birds and mammals are attracted to the fruits
Butterflies & moths hosted ( 2
confirmed
, 2
likely
* )
SHOW ALL
The Brown Elfin
Callophrys augustinus
Callophrys augustinus
Lotisma trigonana
Lotisma trigonana
*
Canary Ypsolopha Moth
Ypsolopha canariella
Ypsolopha canariella
*
10-spotted Rhododendron Moth
Dysstroma sobria
Dysstroma sobria
Landscaping Information
Sun
Shade, Part Shade
Moisture
Moderate - High
Summer Irrigation
Max 2x / month once established
Nurseries
Carried by 30
Cold Tolerance
Tolerates cold to 10° F
Soil Drainage
Fast, Medium
Soil Description
Prefers sandy soil with organic material. Soil PH: 4.0 - 6.5
Common uses
Hedges, Groundcovers, Deer Resistant
Companion Plants
Use as understory for various trees including Maple (
Acer sp.
), Alder (
Alnus rhombifolia
or rubra), Madrone (
Arbutus menziesii
),
Giant Chinquapin
(
Chrysolepis chrysophylla
),
Tanoak
(
Notholithocarpus densiflorus
),
Coast Redwood
(
Sequoia sempervirens
), and Bay Laurel (
Umbellularia californica
).
Works well with other shrubs and herbs including
Wild Ginger
(
Asarum caudatum
) in deep shade,
Coast Barberry
(
Berberis pinnata
), various
Ceanothus sp.
,
Yerba Buena
(
Clinopodium douglasii
),
Bleeding Heart
(
Dicentra formosa
),
Coffeeberry
(
Frangula sp.
), Alumroot (
Heuchera micrantha
or pilosissima),
Oceanspray
(
Holodiscus discolor
),
Pink Honeysuckle
(
Lonicera hispidula
),
Buttercup
(
Ranunculus sp.
), and Currant/
Gooseberry
(
Ribes sp.
)
Propagation
?
For propagating by seed: No treatment. Best sown on milled sphagnum moss.
Sunset Zones
?
4*, 5*, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
Natural Setting
Site Type
Moist open places
Climate
Annual Precipitation: 15.3" - 122.7", Summer Precipitation: 0.20" - 3.95", Coldest Month: 37.3" - 50.6", Hottest Month: 55.6" - 74.9", Humidity: 0.01" - 22.94", Elevation: 7" - 4749"
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Salal
Gaultheria shallon
Sources include:
Wikipedia
. All text shown in the "About" section of these pages is available under the
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
. Plant observation data provided by the participants of the
California Consortia of Herbaria
, Sunset information provided by
Jepson Flora Project
. Propogation from seed information provided by the
Santa Barbara Botanical Garden
from "Seed Propagation of Native California Plants" by Dara E. Emery. Sources of plant photos include
CalPhotos
,
Wikimedia Commons
, and independent plant photographers who have agreed to share their images with Calscape. Other general sources of information include
Calflora
,
CNPS Manual of Vegetation Online
,
Jepson Flora Project
,
Las Pilitas
,
Theodore Payne
,
Tree of Life
,
The Xerces Society
, and information provided by CNPS volunteer editors, with special thanks to Don Rideout. Climate data used in creation of plant range maps is from
PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University
, using 30 year (1981-2010) annual "normals" at an 800 meter spatial resolution.
Links:
Jepson eFlora Taxon Page
CalPhotos
Wikipedia
Calflora
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